American Quantum
American SportWorks Go Kart won't go forward. Why?


New American SportWorks 150 cc Quantum Carbide go kart. It was working well for a few minutes, but now will only go in reverse. I wonder if the cold is and issue? The temp. here is 24 degrees Farenheit.

Probably your linkage to the trans is slipping or is loose. Only a 30 day warranty if trans is bad as noted in link below. Good Luck!

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Drops o Quantum Time 1

 

 

 

 

Drops of Quantum Time 1

Latest Models of the Universe

This article, because its length it will be divided in six parts. This first part is a foreshortening of models of the Universe. Then be reviewed certain antinomies of thought, paradoxes that undermine the logic, the uncertainties in physics and mathematics, the mysteries of the Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics, numbers and other considerations.
One approach on the origin and structure of the Universe refers to the Quantum Theory of Gravity in Loop by Lee Smolin, a researcher at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics in Waterloo, Ontario. This theory seeks to quantize space and time. Space would be composed of a spin network whose nodes of this network represents a discrete minimum volume and equal to the cube of the Planck (Max Planck, 1858-1947) length (10-33 cm) which is equal to 10-99 cm3, and the lines correspond to areas of 10-66 cm2. Time is also discrete and its minimum value would be equal to the Planck time interval which value is 10-43 s. Time is defined by a spin foam that spreads slightly along with the spin networks, whereas the quantum of time would be like the click of an infinitesimal clock. This theory expects experimental verification by means of detectors mounted on satellites, such as the Hubble Space Telescope to detect bursts of gamma rays coming from distant cosmic explosion billions of light years away. Thus, the Universe would be formed by atoms of space and  atoms of time, leaving its current configuration of continuity. This model of the Universe leaves intact the general theory of relativity of Einstein, but introduces implements in quantum theory. ¨
The other approach is due to Gabriele Veneziano, a CERN theoretical physicist, who is the father of string theory. This theory suggests that the Universe of today did not originate in the primordial Big Bang but is a continuation of other past universes, hence it justifies an era before the Big Bang, that is the pre-Big Bang era. The Big Bang was just the rebound from a previous situation in which the Universe expands for a time before it, and then expands later in the same time, the rate of change of expansion would be opposite in the two moments. Thus the Big Bang can not have been the origin of the Universe, but a violent transition from acceleration to deceleration. This solve the problem of singularity in the standard model of Big Bang in which at that point the laws of physics fail due to infinite temperature and density. And so explain the high homogeneity and isotropy of the early Universe. Thus, the pre-Big Bang Universe would be a mirror image of the Universe after the Big Bang (our own). In this case the origin of time would not be in the singularity, but the origin of a black hole formed by the pre-Big Bang matter which would be contracted until the density, temperature, and curvature allowed by string theory, excluding the singularity of the Big Bang. It admits a time past and time future, because inside a black hole time and space change paper, ie the center of a black hole is not a point in space but an instant in time. Another scenario for the Big Bang would be the result of the Ekpyrotic model (conflagration), which suggests that our universe would be a multi-dimensional membrane, or 'brane', among others, floating in a space with many dimensions, and would have collided with another parallel in an eternal cycle of collisions and separations. These surfaces would be formed by infinitely thin strings whose vibrations correspond to the elementary particles known nowadays. String theory goes beyond the theory of loop quantum gravity, since it is a truly revolutionary change in the theory of Albert Einstein (1879-1955), ruling out the singularity of the Big Bang. This still await experimental verification in the future, as vestiges of the pre-Big Bang that may appear on galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields.
Likewise the conventional model of inflation, string theory incorporates another term, the axion, a quantum field of pre-Big Bang, related to the inflaton, a field that stores a tremendous potential energy that would be responsible for the outbreak of inflation cosmic occurred about 10-35 s after the Big Bang. The inflaton field is odd, because unlike the gravitational energy that attracts ordinary matter, it accelerates the cosmic expansion, a fact already observed in the present Universe. Thus, in the conventional theory, inflation or acceleration occurs after the Big Bang due to the inflaton field, already in pre-Big Bang scenario acceleration comes first.
Therefore, string theory suggests that the time had no beginning and will have no end, and the Universe began almost empty and would have built up to the Big Bang, or would have done cycles of death and rebirth ad nauseam (Scientific American 21 Paradoxes of Time).

The latest model of the universe is due to Petr Orava, a physicist at the University of California at Berkeley, also based on quantum gravity. He proposes a Universe where time is decoupled from space as in Newton's theory, it is clear that this goes against Einstein's general relativity in which space and time form an indissoluble tissue. This theory tries to explain the existence of mysterious dark energy that would be responsible for the accelerated expansion of the Universe, besides eliminating the inconvenience of the singularity of the Big Bang theory in which the laws of physics break down. It could also explain the dark matter associated with this dark energy that gives the impression that the galaxies have more matter than the supposed theory of relativity do. That dark matter fills most of the known universe, but has not been observed yet. Many physicists are skeptical of this theory regarding the separation spacetime of general relativity. Another model of quantum gravity shows that if it would happen the information would be transmitted at speeds faster than light, which contradicts experience and one of the postulates of the Special Theory of Relativity of Einstein (Scientific American Brasil, year 8, n0 92, January 2010).

 

About the Author

Phisicist and writer. Five published books. Msc.  in science by COPPE-UFRJ (Rio de Janeiro). Phd in Physics by UFPA(Belém do Pará). Take training at Kernforschunganlage Jülich Gmbh-Germany. Professor and guide of two thesis in post-graduation. Flght-Controller. Articles published at journals. See more at Google search: "leopoldino dos santos Ferreira".

 

 

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